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Ninh Binh: The Ancient Capital

Historically, Ninh Binh was the capital of Vietnam during the Dinh and Le Dynasties, specifically from 968 to 1010. This period is often considered one of the most important in Vietnamese history because it marked the consolidation of power after the chaos of the 10th century, following the collapse of the Tang Dynasty.

The ancient capital in Ninh Binh is primarily represented by Hoa Lu (the former royal capital) and its surrounding historical landmarks. Here are some highlights:

1. Hoa Lu Ancient Capital

• Historical Significance: Hoa Lu was the capital of Vietnam for nearly 50 years. The area is home to ancient temples and remnants of royal palaces from the time of the Dinh and Le Dynasties.

• Temples of Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh: These temples are dedicated to the two kings who played significant roles in Vietnam’s early independence from China—King Dinh Tien Hoang and King Le Dai Hanh.

• Landscape: The Hoa Lu complex is set against a backdrop of dramatic limestone mountains, making it both a historical and a scenic spot.

2. Tam Coc – "The Inland Halong Bay"

• The "Three Caves": Tam Coc means "Three Caves," named after the three caves you can explore by boat. These caves are formed by the Ngo Dong River flowing through the limestone karsts.

• Boat Tour: The boat ride is one of the most scenic experiences in Ninh Binh. You can float through lush rice paddies, glide beneath the towering limestone cliffs, and pass through the caves.

• Bich Dong Pagoda: While in the Tam Coc area, you can visit the beautiful Bich Dong Pagoda, which is tucked into the cliffs. It’s a peaceful spot with lovely views of the surrounding area.

3. Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex

• UNESCO World Heritage Site: Trang An is famous for its breathtaking landscapes, which include limestone mountains, caves, and rivers. The area is often referred to as “Halong Bay on land.”

• Breathtaking Boat Rides: You can take a boat tour here that will take you through caves, past ancient temples, and along the winding rivers. It’s a relaxing way to take in the stunning scenery.

• Ancient Temples and Historical Sites: Like in Tam Coc, there are a few temples to visit, with the most famous being the Bai Dinh Temple, which is also one of the largest Buddhist complexes in Vietnam.

4. Mua Cave (Mua Cave Viewpoint)

• The Famous Viewpoint: Mua Cave is one of the best spots for a panoramic view of the entire Tam Coc area. You need to hike up around 500 steps to reach the top, but the view at the top is worth it!

• Mua Cave: The cave itself is part of the Mua complex, which features a number of temples and shrines that add to the spiritual atmosphere of the area.